International standards are standards A technical standard is an established norm or requirement. It is usually a formal document that establishes uniform engineering or technical criteria, methods, processes and practices. In contrast, a custom, convention, company product, corporate standard, etc. which becomes generally accepted and dominant is often called a de facto standard developed by international standards organizations A standards organization, standards body, standards development organization or SDO is any entity whose primary activities are developing, coordinating, promulgating, revising, amending, reissuing, interpreting, or otherwise maintaining standards that address the interests of a wide base of users outside the standards development organization. International standards are available for consideration and use, worldwide. The most prominent organisation is the International Organization for Standardization The International Organization for Standardization , widely known as ISO (pronounced /ˈaɪsoʊ/ EYE-soe), is an international-standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations. Founded on 23 February 1947, the organization promulgates worldwide proprietary industrial and commercial standards. It has.
International standards may be used either by direct application or by a process of modifying an international standard to suit local conditions. The adoption of international standards results in the creation of equivalent, national standards that are substantially the same as international standards in technical content, but may have (i) editorial differences as to appearance, use of symbols and measurement units, substitution of a point for a comma as the decimal marker, and (ii) differences resulting from conflicts in governmental regulations or industry-specific requirements caused by fundamental climatic, geographical, technological, or infrastructural factors, or the stringency of safety requirements that a given standard authority considers appropriate.
International standards is one way of overcoming technical barriers in international commerce caused by differences among technical regulations and standards developed independently and separately by each nation, national standards organisation, or company. Technical barriers arise when different groups come together, each with a large user base, doing some well established thing that between them is mutually incompatible. Establishing international standards is one way of preventing or overcoming this problem.
There are many organisations An organization is a social arrangement which pursues collective goals, controls its own performance, and has a boundary separating it from its environment. The word itself is derived from the Greek word organon, itself derived from the better-known word ergon that establish and implement standards.
- American Petroleum Institute The American Petroleum Institute, commonly referred to as API, is the main U.S trade association for the oil and natural gas industry, representing about 400 corporations involved in production, refinement, distribution, and many other aspects of the petroleum industry. The association’s chief functions on behalf of the industry include advocacy (API)
- American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM International , originally known as the American Society for Testing and Materials, is an international standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems, and services. The organization's headquarters is in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, about 5 miles (ASTM)
- British Standards Institution BSI Group, also known in its home market as the British Standards Institution , is a multinational business services provider whose principal activity is the production of standards and the supply of standards-related services (BSI)
- European Computer Manufacturers Association Ecma International is an international, private (membership-based) non-profit standards organization for information and communication systems. It acquired its name in 1994, when the European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) changed its name to reflect the organization's international reach. As a consequence, the name is no longer (ECMA), List of Ecma standards
- International Electrotechnical Commission The International Electrotechnical Commission is a non-profit, non-governmental international standards organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies – collectively known as "electrotechnology". IEC standards cover a vast range of technologies from power (IEC), List of IEC standards To distinguish standards published by the International Electrotechnical Commission numerically from other international standards, their number range was shifted in 1997 by adding 60000. So what used to be called IEC 27 is now officially IEC 60027, and so on. However, the old numbers remain commonly used. The 60000 series of standards are also
- International Organization for Standardization The International Organization for Standardization , widely known as ISO (pronounced /ˈaɪsoʊ/ EYE-soe), is an international-standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations. Founded on 23 February 1947, the organization promulgates worldwide proprietary industrial and commercial standards. It has (ISO), List of ISO standards About 300 of the standards produced by ISO and IEC's Joint Technical Committee 1 have been made freely/publicly available
- International System of Units The International System of Units is the modern form of the metric system and is generally a system of units of measurement devised around seven base units and the convenience of the number ten. It is the world's most widely used system of measurement, both in everyday commerce and in science (SI Units)
- International Telecommunication Union The International Telecommunication Union is the eldest organization in the UN family still in existence. It was founded as the International Telegraph Union in Paris on 17 May 1865 and is today the leading United Nations agency for information and communication technology issues, and the global focal point for governments and the private sector (ITU) and
- Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards The Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards is a global consortium that drives the development, convergence and adoption of e-business and web service standards. Members of the consortium decide how and what work is undertaken through an open, democratic process (OASIS)
- Universal Postal Union The Universal Postal Union is an international organization that coordinates postal policies among member nations, and hence the worldwide postal system. Each member country agrees to the same set of terms for conducting international postal duties. The Universal Postal Union's headquarters are located in Berne, Switzerland (UPU), Catalogue of UPU Standards
See also
- List of international common standards
- List of technical standard organisations
- Open standard An open standard is a standard that is publicly available and has various rights to use associated with it, and may also have various properties of how it was designed . There is no single definition and interpretations do vary with usage
- Standardisation Standardization or standardisation is the process of developing and agreeing upon technical standards. A standard is a document that establishes uniform engineering or technical specifications, criteria, methods, processes, or practices. Some standards are mandatory while others are voluntary. Voluntary standards are available if one chooses to
External links
- American National Standards Institute
- American Petroleum Institute
- American Society for Testing and Materials
- Automotive Industry Action Group
- British Standards Institution
- Bureau of Indian Standards
- European Association for Standardizing Information and Communication Systems
- European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation
- European Computer Manufacturers Association
- German Institute for Standardization
- Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
- Interconnecting and Packaging Electronic Circuits
- International Electrotechnical Commission
- International Media Grid Standards Organisation
- International Organization for Standardization
- International Telecommunication Union
- Internet Engineering Task Force
- Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards
- Society for Automotive Engineers
- Universal Postal Union
Categories: ITU-T recommendations Standards for Internet protocols are typically developed in the IETF, and standards for mobile telephone systems are developed in ETSI and other forums | Standards Categories: Evaluation | Formal sciences | Reference
admin
Mon, 10 May 2010 13:10:37 GM
Sky gods for hire. Sky Gods for Hire Why is there no . international standard. for flying guides? Ed Ewing unravels the world of free-flight guiding. cloudstruck. Cloudstruck The first man up the Matterhorn was also the first to think ...
